Elemental concentrations of benthic organisms increasedwith increasing sediment metal content, except Cd, andwith % silt, refractory organicmatter and chlorophyll-a of sediment due to the influence of sediment geochemistry on metal bioavailability. Macroinvertebrates accumulated lower concentrations of most metals and elements than their respective sediment, except As, P, Na, Zn and Cd. Biological and geochemical characteristics play an important role in metal accumulation in benthic invertebrates, and consequently in metal transfer to higher trophic levels. Concentrations of metals and other elements were measured in macrofaunal taxa and in fish tissues (muscle, liver, gills, bone, gonad, stomach, intestine, and stomach content). Benthic macroinvertebrates and wild fish aggregating in the vicinity of four Mediterranean fish farms were sampled.
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